***Disclaimer*** Please note that any person relative to this protocol do not make any implications, promises, nor guarantees that this protocol will reverse any disease. Whatever you read is determined educational and observational. Although the observations and documentation are showing positive results, it is the reader’s obligation to discuss with their medical professional, and make their own decisions. All decisions are the responsibility of the reader and common sense of it shall apply.

Calcium Magnesium

ChromiumPicolinate

Cod Liver Oil (Vitamin A, D)

Gelatin

Milk Thistle

Shark Cartilage

Zinc

Natural Vitamin E

74 Trace Elements

Selenium

Colostrum

Lecithin

This formula is the result of numerous years of research and observations. Although successful, some people complained it required too many pills daily and the cost was approximately $300 monthly for dosage one per day. A concentrated vitamin mix has since been developed, it is one-third the cost and is a powdered drink formula as an alternative to swallowing pills. This article is not intended to market anything, therefore nothing regarding that will be written here, you can purchase any quality brand vitamin at any store. Our goal is to educate the reader of the solution to the problem. **********************************************************************

Research on Each Ingredient, with Bibliography Below:

Calcium and Magnesium

Calcium is a- divalent element, #20, on the left side of the periodic table with atomic weight of 40.08 g/mole. In the body, the majority of calcium is in the form of calcium phosphate, found in the bone. It’s ionic form is found in the extracellular fluid. The numerous applications of calcium is endless, a it is part of almost all functions in the body. It is poorly absorbed from the intestinal track because of the relative insolubility of most of it’s compounds and because bivalent compounds are poorly absorbed through the mucosa anyway.

Calcium deficiency is evident during low ionic concentration, permeability increases and causes membrane excitability to increase to the point of spasms. Bone is long-term storage for calcium as a reservoir for long term buffering for a period of months or a few years, but has no control of plasma calcium concentration, which is achieved by absorption and excretion in intestine and kidneys. The typical maximum absorption into or from body fluids is about 1 gram calcium hourly. However, if a person ingests large quantities of calcium with an excess of vitamin D, absorption will increase above normal. In extra cellular fluid, calcium is regulated by the parathyroid and calcitonin. Low levels of calcium cause spontaneous discharges of nerve fibers, resulting in tetany.

Normally, about 7/8’s of calcium is excreted in the feces and 1/8 by urine. The average adult ingests 800 mg calcium daily, with another 600 mg secreted by the gastrointestinal juices, totaling about 1,400 mg daily. Of this, 700 is absorbed and 700 excreted, which 800 mg ingested, 100 mg is the daily net intake, which that amount is excreted through the urine. Kidney excretion of calcium is relative to calcium ion concentration, controlled by the parathyroid. Hypercalcemia is when the nervous system is depressed and Central Nervous system is sluggish and weak form of calcium effects on muscle cell membranes, causing constipation. Exchangeable calcium is deposited mostly in bone when excess is available and secondary in liver and other tissues.

Absorption is through a process to buffer the calcium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid at the proper level. However, this buffering effect does not reveal whether the storage in the liver or bone is adequate, high or low amounts are not determined. Osteoporosis is the result of long-term extraction of calcium from the bone that replenishes the ion concentration for the extracellular fluid. Doing so, it appears that the low level of calcium led to become osteoporosis. At the same time, if this long-term extraction took place and meanwhile the same situation occurs in the liver, then, the cause of cancer includes the result of numerous years of calcium deficiency. The calcium will be equally depleted in the liver as the bone; however, the bone is viewed and attended to but not the liver.

The thyroid is effective in controlling calcium metabolism. 40% of the US population suffers from chronic low thyroid function, hypothyroidism, all indicative of low chromium. The revival is to consist of either chromium, ginseng, or L-carnitine. The results include improved metabolism and immune system function. The thyroid regulates metabolism by releasing hormones that control energy production in all the body’s cells, eliminate cellular waste, and speed up restorative functions, which increases the body’s cancer resisting ability.

Magnesium is involved in the uptake of calcium and potassium. A magnesium deficiency tends to promote a deficiency in both calcium and potassium, and relates to the vulnerability of cancer, as it is believed that magnesium reinforces calcium’s role in fighting cancer.

The majority of Americans are magnesium deficient which has a profound impact on our nation’s overall health. (1) Calcium loss is common in the American diet due to the high intake of animal protein, which produces high amounts of nitrogenous waste in the intestine, which can be converted to the highly carcinogenic compound nitrosomines and ammonium salts, causing calcium to leach from the bones, thus leading to vulnerability of numerous types of cancer.

Free calcium is relative to the acidity of the body, increased amounts will encourage tumor growth. By raising alkalinity, the bloodstream is less likely to show excessive levels of free calcium ions. Therefore, maintaining a pH of 7.4 reflects a higher resistance to tumor initiation and growth. (2)

To control pH levels, the body automatically buffers the extracellular fluid through bicarbonates, the intracellular pH’s range between 4.7 – 7.4, averaging about 7.0. When metabolism is fast, the pH will drop to a lower level. Although renal and cardiac function causes bicarbonate ions to maintain a 7.4 pH, one must consider that the extracellular fluid is of a lower pH when it is not balanced, and therefore, the individual cells are not usually of the correct pH to function.

Upon a good diet, the pH will stay closer to 7.4 on it’s own and cause less stress on the system and reduce the ionic pull from the fluid. The ionic displacement from a lower pH will cause intracellular stability and raise the intracellular pH.Some scientists tend to claim that Calcium supplements are best absorbed when taken at bedtime and that magnesium is best absorbed when taken in the morning.

The problem is that most calcium supplements are calcium magnesium combinations, so when do you take it?? I find that amusing being that these specialists do not get together to determine an acceptable time frame to take them. The fact that the program works well and that the calcium is well absorbed indicates that taken throughout the day is perfectly fine.

Chromium Picolinate

As Chromium is an essential trace mineral required for normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, research has shown that the typical American diet is low in chromium, thus the American diet as contributor to numerous ailments. Chromium supplements aid by stimulating the ability to improve insulin production which increases the body’s ability to control blood sugar and lower cholesterol.

Chromium ingredients differ, effectiveness is determined by specific chemical structure and composition of the chromium complex.

There are many forms of dietary chromium is in numerous forms and vary in bioavailability (absorption and retention) and biological activity (ability to potentiate insulin).

Inorganic chromium such as chromium chloride is an inorganic form, having little effect on insulin in that state, and requires conversion to a biologically active form to increase absorption of (0.5 – 2.0 %) up to a higher absorption rate.

Organic chromium affects insulin more effectively, commonly used are niacin-bound chromium (also called chromium Polynicotinate) and chromium picolinate, these compounds are different despite that they sound similar.

Chromium Picolinate was introduced in 1988 and became popular when it was reported that it increased lean body mass in male athletes. There have been claims that the biologically active form reduces bodyfat, builds muscle and increases life span.

Chromium Polynicotinate was introdced in 1986 , it is actually a family of niacin-bound chromium compounds. One high-potency, oxygen-coordinated complex called ChromeMate, was developed based on the landmark research of Dr. Walter Mertz, discoverer of biologically active chromium.

Dr. Mertz, former director of the USDA’s Human Nutrition Research Center, identified a chromium-niacin complex as the active chromium ingredient in Brewer’s yeast, the richest source of biologically active chromium in nature.

Dr. Mertz showed that niacin-bound chromium strongly potentiates insulin – chromium’s most vital function – while chromium picolinate does not. However, in cancer patients, niacin maintains the potential to accelerate cancer growth where picolinate does not, therefore a safer consideration to deliver the chromium to the body.

Cod Liver Oil

Basic active ingredients include Vitamins A & D

Vitamin A

Vitamin A, is a fat soluble vitamin.

There is a water-soluble form as well for those who have difficulty with fat absorption. (3) It is expressed as retinol equivalents (RE), in International Units (IU). One IU unit is equal to 0.3 mcg all trans retinol, One RE has the activity of 1 mcg all-trans-retinol (3.33 IU), 6 mcg (10IU) Beta-carotene or 12 mcg carotenoid provitamins. It is found only in animal sources, occurs in high concentrations in the liver of cod, halibut, tuna and shark. The average daily dosage is 10 – 100,000 IU, which reflects 3,000 – 30,000 mcg, or 3 – 30 mg.

Normal serum ranges between 80 – 300 IU/ml. The function of vitamin A in body metabolism is not known except in relation to it’s use in the formation of retinal pigments, forming visual pigments prevents night blindness., normal growth of cells and proliferation of epithelial cells. There are two types of vitamin A, retinol, (A1) found in salt water fish, and 3-dehydroretinol (A2) in fresh water fish, both trans formation. A2 has one extra bond in the ring and has 30% potency of A1. (4) Both are stable to heat, acid, alkalis, destroyed by oxidation, cooking does not destroy A, however, in butter it is destroyed when rancid due to oxidation. The provitamin is converted to the vitamin primarily in the intestinal mucosa. It then combines with opsin, the rod pigment in the retina, to form rhodopsin, a cis/trans saturated compound due to double bonds, antioxidant. Rhodopsin is necessary for visual adaptation to darkness.

Vitamin A prevents retardation of growth and preserves integrity of the epithelial cells. Absorption requires bile salts, pancreatic lipase and dietary fat. Without bile, emulsion will not take place, lack of absorption results in fatty stools. It is transported in the blood to the liver by the chylomicrons of the lymph. It is stored in the liver and fat storing cells in the liver. Normal liver contains 100 – 300 mcg/g, providing 2 years requirement of vitamin A, where it is mobilized from the storage and transported in plasma as retinol, bound to a retinol binding protein RBP. Mother’s milk stores 10 – 100 times the normal amount, (5) therefore, I question how doubling or tripling dosages can be considered toxic.

Excretion pathways are not certain, appearing to be excreted in the bile bound to a glucuronide, and a small amount is excreted in the urine. Beta Carotene is available in plant source, described later. It is rare for a vitamin A deficiency by itself, when a deficiency exists, it is usually in addition to other vitamin deficiencies. Deficiency is characterized by nightblindness, keratomalacia (necrosis of the cornea) drying of the skin, lowered resistance to infection, retardation of growth, thickening of bone and diminished production of corticoid steroids, failure of growth of young animals, atrophy of reproductive organs, interuption of female cycle, epithelial structural damage, eyes, kidneys, and respiratory passages, kidney stones. (6) More serious deficiency is noted by biliary tract or pancreatic disease, sprue, colitis, hepatic cirrhosis, celiac disease, cystic fibrosis, and various gastroeintestinal diseases. (7)

Toxicity is rare, including symptoms of dry lips and skin, inflammation of lips, tongue and gums, headaches and joint pain, cirrhosis of the liver effects, high Vitamin A plasma levels. The dosage amounts that are considered toxic range from 1 million IU for 3 days, 50,000 IU daily for longer than 18 months, or 500,000 IU daily for 2 months. (8) There are benefits attributed to Vitamin A such as preventing cancer and recurrent cancer for those who were previously treated.

Accutane (13 cis-retinoic acid) is a pharmaceutical derivative of vitamin A, and has proven effective in preventing second primary tumors in patients who were treated for squamus cell carcinoma of head and neck, although it did not prevent recurrence of the original type of tumor. (9) There is evidence that vitamin A inhibits promotion where as beta carotene (precursor to vitamin A) inhibits initiation and is most effective with epithelial cancers. Beta carotene is a carotenoid, and is the pigment that accounts for the color in the plant world, primarily red and yellow, being the dominant plant pigment in most fruits and vegetables, such as peaches, apricots, sweet potatoes, carrots, tomatoes, leafy green vegetables. It is converted to vitamin A upon the body’s need for it, processed in the liver and small intestine.

As an antioxidant and precursor to vitamin A, it can enhance the activity of the natural killer (NK) cells and other immune cells against tumors (65,66,67/28a) , including increase in T- and B- cell numbers, macrophage activity, interleukin production, and NK cell tumor-killing (tumoricidal) abilities. (10) Beta-carotene has been found to have antioxidant and immune enhancing properties that are not found in vitamin A. (11) A study of 30 patients with cervical dysplasia, a precancerous condition, were supplemented with 30 mg Beta Carotene orally for 6 months. Results showed suppressed cervical dysplasia. Vitamin A was able to reverse moderate but not severe cervical dysplasia. (12) In support of vitamin A and it’s relation to enzymes, enzyme expert Howard Loomis, D.C., stated, “I always wonder why the diets for cancer and AIDS include such high amounts of protein when an excess of undigested protein can so obviously lead to demands on the immune system.” His work in enzymes and vitamins derived interesting information.

Circulating Immune Complexes (CIC) reflect immunities eating up partially digested protein molecules in the small intestine which were absorbed into the bloodstream as invaders. In a healthy person, CIC is neutralized in the lymphatic system. In a cancer patient, partial CIC tends to accumulate in the blood and burden detoxification pathways or initiate an allergic reaction, more than the kidney can excrete, causing accumulation in the soft tissues, then inflammation and stress to the immune system. High concentrations of CIC’s are associated with poorer prognoses in cancer patients. (13) In 75% of acute leukemia patients in remission, no CIC’s were found. (14) Research has found that enzyme combinations can effectively reduce the numbers of CIC’s, in addition, the rate of degradation of CIC’s increases as the enzyme dosage increases. (15) Vitamin A increases these effects as it releases enzymes contained in lysosomes.

Enzymes given as supplements can help cancer patients by reducing the CIC’s in the body. As vitamin A helps to reduce CIC concentration, many cancer patients experience marked improvement in their well-being, including: improved appetite, weight gain, increased vitality, (16) decrease in depression and anxiety, as well as an increased ability to move or exercise. (17) Pancreatic enzymes have shown positive results in treating cancer by exposing foreign antigens on (18) When antigens are shed from cancer cells, CIC’s are produced in attempt to avoid detection by the immune system. Pancreatic enzymes can stimulate natural killer cells, T-cells, and tumor necrosis factor agents, all toxic to cancer cells. While the protective role of enzymes against tumors is not appreciated by US medical societies, European physicians know the enzymes play an important role in keeping cancers from spreading to become “terminal tumors.” Metastatic potentials depend on the adhesiveness or ability to adhere to cell walls, depending on blood’s “stickiness” or ability to coagulate, which reflects ability to metabolize. During Chemotherapy, this event is more prominent, and requires anticoagulants, (19) which is why vitamin K administration should be avoided. The use of anticoagulants and proteolytic enzymes can effectively reduce the invasive or metastatic potential of cancer cells. (20) I suspect that the “stickiness” represents a strong ionic attraction in an acidic capacity, which I will look into at another time. The cancer cell uses fibrin to mask its identity from the immune system through it’s lipid character. It is 15 times thicker than the normal cell wall. This fibrin causes a sticky wall, which causes clotting and is a reason for blood clots during acute stages of cancer. Vitamin A’s lysosomal enzyme release has the ability to break down this lipid mask layer to expose the true cancer cell component (antigen) to be correctly identified by the immune system, which then can mount an effective full-scale attack in effort to halt the metastasis. (21)

In addition, by removing the mask, which is considered to be a “sticky” adhering mechanism, clotting, it also reduces the risk of tumors adhering in other areas of the body, therefore, prevents or at least reduces metastasis, and increases T-cell counts. (22) This also allows pancreatic enzymes to enter cancer cells in their reproductive stage, when not completely formed and are more susceptible to destruction and deactivation. German physicians dissolve tumors by injecting pancreatic enzymes directly into the cancer cells. Crude pork pancreas extract, from New Zealand, has been used to digest away protein coatings on cancer cells as it removes the shield. (23) Enzymes allotted for digestion cause less to be available for systemic protection against cancer, dairy products, meats, cooked foods, foods that require a lot of pancreatic enzymes, will lessen availability to reduce CIC’s than if raw fruits and vegetables were eaten, where their own enzymes can be used for digestion, leaving more pancreatic enzymes to digest CIC’s and cancer cell coatings.

Dr. Max Wolf, of Germany, started this process in 1949, using the Wobenzyme and Wobe-Mugos formula. By 1972, it revealed that it curtailed the spread of cancer and prolonged survival time, local applications were more successful than systemic. Of 107 women who underwent mastectomies, using Wobenzyme, their 5-year survival rate for breast cancer was 43% without and 84% with treatment. Further research showed that post surgical breast cancer patients with stage I and III cancers surgical using Wobe-Mugos produced 5 year rates at 91% and 58% respectively, compared to 78% and 42% under conventional treatment. (24) I am not truly impressed with the results, as stage III shows only a 16% gain, although the stage I was a 38% gain. Long-term-use produced the best effects for long-term survival. Pancreatic cancer responded well to this treatment. As standard pancreatic cancer survival is about 7 months, this treatment gave most survivors 2 years and some survived 5 – 9 years, which is worth taking note. They did not give percentages of survivors, however, the simple fact of the extended time frame is worth noting. (25)

Vitamin D

Vitamin D, an alcohol, is a fat-soluble vitamin, known as both ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3), It is expressed in International Units (IU). One IU unit is equal to 0.025-mcg vitamin D3, therefore, 1 mcg equals 40,000 units. D2 is essentially found only in plants, and is used in fortified milk and cereals. The precursor of vitamin D3 occurs in the skin of animals as cholesterol Natural supplies of vitamin D depend on ultraviolet light for conversion of 7-hydrocholesterol to vitamin D3 or ergosterol to vitamin D2. They are stable in heat, resistant to oxidation, unaffected by cooking. D2 and D3 look similar except that D3 has a side chain formed by the UV. Vitamin D is considered a hormone, however, not a natural human hormone, vitamin D2 can substitute for D3 in every metabolic step.

Primary sources are liver oil from cod or halibut fish, flesh of sardine, salmon or mackerel. Milk is not a good source because it is irradiated with UV light and UV on skin is a risk of overexposure. Vitamin D increases the number of vitamin A receptors in cells, inhibits formation of new tumor blood vessels (angiogenesis), induces the conversion of cancer cells to normal cells (cell differentiation, and induces “cell suicide” (apoptosis) to cancer cells. Vitamin D found in the skin will not cause toxic effects as a result of the biofeedback mechanisms (27)

The metabolites promote active absorption of calcium and phosphorus by the small intestine, increase rate of accretion and resorption of minerals in bone and promote resorption of phosphate by renal tubules while the kidney converts vitamin D to 1,25 dihydroxychecalciferol to make bone, providing the ability to transport calcium ions through cell membranes, primarily in the intestine and renal epithelia, similar to vitamin D’s ability to increase bone absorption.(28) Vitamin D has a huge effect on intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate by increasing the formation of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol from vitamin D3. Parathyroid stimulation through cyclic AMP causes and increase in osteoclastic secretion of enzymes and acid to cause bone resorption, formation of calcium binding protein in intestinal and renal epithelia. A decrease in calcium ions in extracellular fluid causes parathyroid gland to increase secretion (when greatly enlarged it is called rickets) or due to lactation during pregnancy for milk formation. When there is an increase in calcium ion concentration, the parathyroid gland activity and size reduces.

In addition, vitamin D is involved in magnesium metabolism. Vitamin D, requires bile to be readily absorbed from the small intestine, D3 is absorbed more rapidly than D2, and has a greater potency than D2, however, in chickens the reverse is true of potency. Absorption is reduced in the liver or biliary disease and steatorrhea. Although stored chiefly in the liver vitamin D is also found in fat, muscle, skin and bones. In plasma, it is bound to alpha globulins and albumin. (29) It takes 10 – 24 hours between administration of ergocalciferol and initiation of it’s action in the body Maximal hypercalcemic effects occur about 4 weeks after daily administration and the duration of action can be 2 months. The primary excretion route of vitamin D is the bile, only a small amount is found in the urine. Vitamin D deficiency leads to progressive hearing loss, rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults, symptoms tend to reverse upon sufficient vitamin D, except for the extreme cases of damage. The liver hydroxylates vitamin D by the hepatic microsomal enzymes to 25-hydroxy-vitamin D(25-[OH]-D3, or calcifediol), which is hydroxylated in the kidney to 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (1, 25-[OH]2-D3 or calcitriol, which is believed to be the most active form of vitamin D3 in stimulating intestinal calcium and phosphate transport. (30)

Metabolic Pathway of Vitamin D activation

Ergosterol — UV light? Ergocalciferol –Liver? 25-hydroxyergocalciferol –kidney? 1,25 di hydroxyergocalciferol (provitamin D2) (vitamin D2) (25 [OH]-D2) (1,25[OH]2-D2) 7-dehydrocholesterol — UV light ? Cholecalciferol ——Liver? Calcifediol ——kidney? Calcitriol (provitamin D3) via skin (vitamin D3) (25 [OH]-D3) (1,25[OH]2-D3) ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­–­——————————————————————————————

The relationship between vitamin D and Ultraviolet light is the primary mechanical essence of function to the body and towards the preventative and curative aspects towards cancer as a whole. The US Navy discovered that personnel holding indoor occupations had highest rate of melanoma, higher rate on trunk of the body covered by clothes as opposed to head and arms commonly exposed to sunlight. On the other hand, excess sunlight leading to sunburns, particularly on fair skinned people on imbalanced and/or antioxidant poor diets, makes people more vulnerable to melanoma. (31)

A 10 year epidemiological study at John Hopkins University Medical School in Baltimore, MD, showed that exposure to Full Spectrum Light (FSL), including ultraviolet frequency, is positively related to prevention and reduction of breast, colon, and rectal cancers. (32) In Russia, FSL was installed in factories where colds and sore throats became commonplace among workers. This system lowered bacterial contamination in air by 40 – 70%. Workers who did not receive FSL were absent twice as often as those who did, which strongly suggested that FSL performed a health protective role in the factory workers’ life. (33)

Hemo-irradiation, or photophoresis, includes removal of up to 1 pint of the patient’s blood, irradiating it (hemoglobin component) with UV, and then reinfusing it back into circulation. The results included: calcium metabolism improvement; body toxins became inert; biochemical balances were restored; oxygen absorption increased; bacteria survival decreased; in addition to improvements with asthma and other various immune related disorders. (34)

In Australia, research has shown that prostate cancer is more prevalent in northern areas such as Iceland, Denmark, Sweden, and similar areas, where there is limited natural sunlight compared to more intense sustained light. (35)

The studies imply that the FSL therapy stimulates the production of vitamin D, therefore, improves the overall metabolism within the body. Light therapy is another form of stimulation to produce vitamin D. When light enters the eye, millions of light and color-sensitive cells, photoreceptors, convert it into electrical impulses, which travel along the optic nerve to the brain where they trigger the hypothalamus gland to send chemical messages, neurotransmitters, to regulate the autonomic function of the body. This is part of the endocrine system where secretions govern most bodily functions.

Dr. Nash Ott, photobiologist, has shown that a deficiency of full spectrum light causes an interference with the body’s optimal absorption of certain nutrients, called malillumination. Daily life items, such as windows, windshields, eyeglasses, suntan lotions, smog, filter out parts of the light spectrum. (36) Dr. Ott’s research reveals that if certain wavelengths are absent in light, the body cannot fully absorb all dietary nutrients, which in turn causes fatigue, tooth decay, depression (as rainy seasons in Seattle, Washington imply), suppressed immune factors, hair loss, skin damage, and ultimately cancer. (37)

Photodynamic therapy includes injection of Photofrin, a photosensitive drug which accumulates in cancerous cells and not in normal cells, as the research describes. After three days, exposure to low power red laser light for 30 minutes, the light protons are absorbed by the pigment of the dye, which triggers the release of a free radical form of oxygen, which killed the cancer cells without burning the surrounding skin. This has been shown to be successful in 90% of early stages of cancers, including lung, esophagus, stomach and cervix.(38)

Gelatin Gelatin is a vitreous, brittle solid that is faintly yellow to white and nearly tasteless and odorless. It contains 84-90% protein, 1-2% mineral salts and 8-15% water. Gelatin is a foodstuff and not a food additive. Consequently it has no «E» number Gelatin contains 9 of the amino acids essential for humans.

 

Amino Acid	G of amino acids per 100 G pure protein
Alanine	11.3
Arginine *	9.0
Aspartic Acid	6.7
Glutamic Acid	11.6
Glycine	27.2
Histidine *	0.7
Proline	15.5
Hydroxyproline	13.3
Hydroxylysine	0.8
Isoleucine *	1.6
Leucine *	3.5
Lysine *	4.4
Methionine *	0.6
Phenylalanine	2.5
Serine	3.7
Threonine *	2.4
Tryptophan *	0.0
Tyrosine	0.2
Valine	2.8

*Essential Amino Acid

For daily nutrition, the amino acid composition of gelatin is of little importance, because normally the intake of gelatin takes generally place together with other proteins such as meat, potatoes and cereals.

Classic experiments demonstrate however that, with the addition of gelatin, the biological value of mixtures can be increased. For example, the addition of gelatin to beef results in an increase of the biological value from 92 to 99.

Therefore, gelatin can complete and increase the amino acid composition of other protein sources.

Gelatin also appears to be beneficial to athletes for muscle growth and metabolism, as it contains lysine, which is important for muscle growth and arginine a precursor of creatine, an amino acid important for the energy metabolism of muscle cells.

Today many of us consume too much energy (calories) in our daily diet. Therefore demand for low-fat products, totally free of fat, is continuously increasing. This is a great dilemma for modern food-designers because fat is an important factor influencing taste in your foods.

In this context the sensory quality of gelatin is of great importance. The melting-point of gelatin resembles the body temperature of human beings. Thus the melting of gelatin causes a rich mouth feel far superior to other fat-substitutes.

By using gelatin as a fat substitute, it is possible to reduce the energy content of food without any negative effects on the taste.

Dietetic properties

Many illnesses in Western industrial nations are caused by malnutrition or constant overeating. Approximately one third of the population is overweight, resulting in high-blood pressure, diabetes, upsets in fat metabolism or gout. Overweight can also be a factor in the development of arteriosclerosis and cardiac problems.

Gelatin can assist in weight reduction programs because it allows the creation of nutritious, yet low calorie dishes. Gelatin contains no fat, sugar, purines or cholesterol and it can bind large quantities of water which helps impart a «fuller» feeling after a meal or it can be used to replace high calorie content binders like cream, egg yolk or starchy products.

Gelatin can also be used to create a nutritious and varied dietary plan for patients and convalescents. It is highly nutritious yet easily digestible and can be used in liquid foods which are palatable and easy to absorb.

Treatment of Osteoathritis

There is also evidence that eating gelatin regularly is beneficial in the treatment of joint conditions.

Recent investigations by Prof. Milan Adam from Prague have shown that gelatin therapy is effective when administered early and continuously for at least two months at a level of 10g daily. The therapy has to be repeated at intervals. The recommended dose can be integrated in the normal daily protein intake and, as gelatin protein resembles body protein collagen, no toxic side effects are known or anticipated.

Gelatin protein contains a high portion of the hydroxyproline, hydrosylysine and arginine. Together with the sulphur-containing amino acid L-cystine these amino acids are the essential building blocks for synthesis of collagen and proteoglycans in cartilage.

It is believed that an optimal availability of such amino acids can prevent the degeneration of cartilage in athrosis.

This positive effect of gelatin is confirmed by the results of recent therapy-studies and experiments. Investigations to improve the condition of rough and broken finger-nails and the texture of hair have also shown that the regular consumption of gelatin has a positive effect.

Product Safety

Due to modern manufacturing sites and the use of a high advanced, HACCP controlled, manufacturing processes with numerous purification steps (washing, filtration), heat treatments including a final UHT sterilisation step followed by drying of the gelatin solution, gelatin is of highest quality regarding physical, chemical, bacteriological and virological safety.

Even in the case of TSE, bovine gelatin is BSE safe because it is produced from raw materials (bovine skin and bone) classified as carrying no detectable infectivity, originating from animals inspected by veterinarians and passed fit for human consumption. Studies were made to assess reduction of hypothetical infectivity if spongiform encephalopathy (SE) carrying tissues (e.g. brain tissue) were to contaminate the raw materials.

The Gelatin Manufacturers of Europe (GME) have initiated several studies to demonstrate the capability of certain steps in gelatin production to inactivate BSE infectivity if it were at all present. These show a reduction of spongiform encephalopathy (SE) infectivity for acid demineralisation and lime treatment of 10 and 100 times respectively. The combined reduction has been found to be 1000 times.

Another study carried out at Göttingen University {Manske et al (1996)} showed that after degreasing (second step in the gelatin production) nervous tissue was no longer detectable in the degreased bones.

When bovine heads (including the brain) – especially processed to carry out this experiment – were investigated in the same way, nerve specific tissues were reduced by 98 to 99%. However, this was done for the sake of the experiment, as bovine heads are not used in the production of gelatin.

The classical UHT sterilisation used in gelatin manufacture should reduce any residual infectivity 100 times, or more probably 1000 times (Taylor et al (1994)).

Washing, filtration, ion exchange and other chemicals or treatments used in the manufacture of gelatin will reduce the SE activity even further (by an assumed ratio of 100 times).

The probability of exposure to gelatin made from an undetected, infected animal is extremely small, as British raw material is not used, and skulls are generally sorted out by the gelatin industry if included.

Thus, in the unlikely event of any initial contamination of raw material, the gelatin manufacturing process would reduce SE activity:

-a hundred times by degreasing ten times by acid demineralization

-a hundred times by alkaline purification -a hundred times by washing, filtration, ion exchange, etc. -a final hundred times by sterilisation (assuming the log average). Thus, the combined effect of the processing stages is a reduction of the order of a thousand million times. The gelatin production process is efficient enough to remove and/or inactivate minimal residual infectivity. Raw material for hide gelatin is definitely not infectious and it is extremely unlikely that hides could become cross-contaminated by infectious material.

SUMMARY – Gelatin

The raw materials used in gelatin production come only from animals inspected by vets and passed fit for human consumption. All GME members are ISO 9002 certified which ensures that the origin of all raw materials used can be traced.

Apart from the inherent safety of the raw materials, gelatin is a highly refined, purified product, manufactured by a sophisticated process which would provide additional safeguards if they were required. This includes several production stages which both serve to physically remove contaminants and also provide a destructive effect on the BSE agent if it were conceivably present.

The World Health Organization has concluded that gelatin is safe to eat. All gelatin producers use exclusively non-UK raw material for gelatin for food, animal feed, pharmaceutical, medical and cosmetic use.

History of GELATIN

1682 – A Frenchman named Papin reported on a cooking process in which he tried to extract gelatinous substances from bones. 170 – The word gelatin, which is derived from the Latin word «gelatus» meaning stiff or frozen, has been in regular use since 1700. 1754 – The first English patent for the manufacture of gelatin was granted. 1850 – Poetevine and Gaudin recommended gelatin as a binding agent for silver halides in the newly emerging photographic industry. 1870 – C. Voit discovered that gelatin is a protein. 1950 – “The gelatin industry was first established on a commercial scale in the 1950′s. Since then it has evolved, through constant research and development to become a refined, sophisticated and technologically advanced industry with the highest quality control standards. Exotic and decorative jellies have appeared on feast, banquet and dessert tables of royal palaces and aristocratic mansions since at least the fourteenth century, and the manufacture of gelatin-like substances undoubtedly dates as far back as the Egyptians. Gelatin was first recognized as a valuable food during the Napoleonic War when it was used to supply France with much needed protein during the English blockade. Its health and dietary benefits are now well documented and gelatin continues to play an important role in today’s increasingly health conscious society.

Despite its long ancestry, gelatin is a thoroughly modern ingredient used extensively in home cooking and in the food, pharmaceutical and photographic industries.

Milk Thistle

Silybum marianum

Milk Thistle is a herb that grows wild in Europe, North America, and Australia, native to the Mediterranean. The active ingredient s silibinin, of the silymarin complex derived from the seeds of the dried flower. Early Christian tradition dedicated milk thistle to Mary, calling it Marian thistle.

First derived as a remedy for liver problems for thousands of years, its first use was recorded in Europe in the first century (23-79 AD), recognized for its ability to protect the liver and later found to help with varicose veins, menstrual difficulty, congestion in liver, spleen and kidneys, increased breast milk production, bile secretion and stimulation, and treatment for mental depression. A few decades ago, doctors in Germany started treating liver diseases generating from mushroom poisoning, called “Death Cap” poisonings, which were all fatal before the discovery of Silymarin. As the Silymarin neutralized the poisons, doctors realized that it helped the liver with other diseases and the realization of its abilities grew, including reversal of liver disease of recovering alcoholics, and chemical abuse. It was found that Milk Thistle did not stimulate the growth of cancer cells in the liver, helps reverse Hepatitis B & C, will help but not reverse cirrhosis of the liver.

Milk Thistle is the most dramatic of the herbs as it protects and rejuvenates the liver in numerous ways: 1. Like any bioflavonoid complex, it exerts a powerful anti-oxidant effect. 2. It maintains the ability to protect the liver by interrupting enterohepatic recirculation of toxins. The silymarin complex puts up an amazing protective “shield” against liver-harming substances like alcohol and other would-be poisons. 3. It regenerates your liver, which is the only organ in your body capable of regeneration? The silymarin complex actually helps the liver to synthesize new proteins and ultimately regenerate! At the beginning of treatments, diarrhea may become evident for the first few days because of gall bladder stimulation, which eventually subsides.

Solar ultraviolet radiation is the major cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer, the most common cancer among humans. Silymarin has been demonstrated effective in protection against chemically-induced tumor development in mice; here, its protective effects against UVB radiation-induced carcinomas were evaluated and the mechanism of action outlined. Topical application of a silymarin preparation reduced tumor incidence from 40% to 20%, multiplicity by 67%, and tumor volume by 66% in a tumor initiation study, and in a tumor promotion study, silymarin treatment reduced tumor incidence by 40%, multiplicity by 78% and volume by 90%. Even more profound results were obtained in the portion of the study on silymarin treatment of subjects with UVB-induced complete carcinogenesis. These encouraging results inspired further clinical testing. (39)

Shark Cartilage

“Shark cartilage is all natural and non-toxic, and commonly used in conjunction with “conventional” cancer therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy. Theoretically, it affects the development of new vascular systems, apparently the reason it seems to produce positive effects against cancer tumors as discussed below.

In 1983, two researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology published a study showing that shark cartilage contains a substance that significantly inhibits the development of blood vessels that nourish solid tumors, thereby limiting tumor growth. Working independently, medical researchers at Harvard University Medical School found that if one could inhibit angiogenesis–the development of a new blood network–one could prevent the development of tumor-based cancer and metastasis.

William Lane made Sharks cartilage popular with his book,

SHARKS DON”T GET CANCER–HOW SHARK CARTILAGE COULD SAVE YOUR LIFE, which ties together the two important findings regarding shark cartilage and angiogenesis. It recounts his own involvement in the search for a truly effective treatment of tumor-based cancer and examines the work of researchers who have conducted studies that indicate that shark cartilage can be effective in reducing cancer related tumors and also reduce the inflammation and pain associated with other conditions, such as arthritis, psoriasis and enteritis.

Recently, shark cartilage has generated intense interest in both public and medical circles because of the theoretical justification for its clinical use in diseases, including cancer and arthritis, which involve neovascularization. This interest is further fueled by clinical trials and recent patents which have demonstrated its anti-tumor activity and its ability to relieve pain and inflammation associated with tumor activity and diseases involving neovascularization.

While there are many publications outlining the theories supporting why scientists believe shark cartilage has so many therapeutic benefits, public interest in shark cartilage was first generated by writings and research first tied together by statements by Dr. Lane. that the use of a good shark cartilage, in adequate dosage levels, has helped thousands of such patients. Shark cartilage therapy has caught the attention of all levels of practitioners, but it is hard for many of them to believe that so simple an approach can work with such a stubborn disease.

Despite some controversy, many who have tried and correctly used shark cartilage are talking about it in highly positive terms. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–after carefully weighing the clinical evidence–has recently granted full Investigational New Drug (IND) permission for phase 2 clinical trials on both advanced nonresponsive prostate cancer as well as on advanced Kaposi’s sarcoma. This lends material credence to the work. These phase 2 trials will soon be under way in one of the most prestigious medical centers in the Midwest. To date, Dr. Lane personally funded the research, inexpensive facilities and groups had to be found.

This history of Dr. Lane’s work with shark cartilage as well as the benchmarks that originally opened the door of his curiosity explains why and how interest developed. As a student at Cornell and later at Rutgers he had the good fortune to be exposed to the thinking of two Nobel Laureates, James B. Sumner, Ph.D., and Selman Waksman, M.D., Ph.D. He learned to look for the unusual and ask “Why?” As a so-called fisheries expert, he first became interested in the shark when the Shah of Iran asked him to look into developing, for him, a possible fishery in the Persian Gulf, an area that abounds in shark.

Upon research and inquires about the topic, it became obvious that this incredible living machine called shark had survived literally unchanged for 300 million years; it was a prehistoric creature, and it rarely got cancer even though almost all other sea creatures get a lot of cancer, especially since pollution of the oceans has increased materially.

The “Why?” was partially answered when he met, and read the work of, John Prudden, M.D., who was working with bovine cartilage as an immune stimulator, wound healing, and anticancer agent. However, the real “Why?” was answered when, in 1983, Anne Lee, Ph.D., and Robert Langer, Ph.D.,5 published a paper that illustrated that shark cartilage inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth. Dr. Lane learned of this study via CNN NEWS, which, along with many popular newspapers and TV programs, publicized this incredible response. Dr. Lane immediately visited Dr. Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, although his work was done with a complex extract, whole but undenatured shark cartilage would probably produce an even better effect. Dr. Langer later denied having this conversation, but it took place in his office in September 1983 and it was the starting point of Dr. Lane’s piqued interest, who then read much of the work of Judah Folkman, M.D., on the theory of inhibiting angiogenesis as a mechanism to stop tumor growth, and the work of another Harvard researcher which said that the vascular tissues were the logical place to find the angiogenic inhibitors. Based on the published work just cited and desire to develop a practical “how and why,” the concept behind the shark cartilage product developed.

By 1984, Dr. Lane was able to bring 200 pounds of frozen clean shark cartilage to the United States from Panama. Working for four years with the original 200 pounds of shark cartilage, plus other shark cartilage as needed, and with the assistance of friends in the processing industry, He was able to learn how to dry best without denaturing, pulverize with minimal heat (a major feat), and encapsulate (often in his own kitchen). Via the chicken chorioallan membrane assay, a crude assay to measure inhibition of angiogenesis, “I could measure my progress.”

By 1987 George Escher, M.D., introduced Dr. Lane’s work to Henri Tagnon, M.D.,who headed the Institut Jules Bordet in Brussels, Belgium, a major cancer research center in Europe. After listening to Dr. Lane’s theory, Dr. Tagnon gave him his first break when he offered, in connection with Dr. Ghanem Atassi, Ph.D., to run a xenograph in nude mice. Dr. Lane still remembers Dr. Tagnon’s words after he and Dr. Atassi heard his story: “This is too good to believe but it also is too good not to believe.” After running a rat toxicity study, they ran animal studies that culminated in a xenograph using nude mice in which MEXF514 human melanoma was induced subcutaneously and Dr. Lane’s shark cartilage preparation was given orally in suspension. Saline was given orally to the control mice. The results showed almost complete tumor inhibition by the orally administered shark cartilage.

This animal work led to a study in Mexico at the Hospital Ernesto Contreras, where there were eight nonpaying, terminal cancer patients (seven women and one man), whose cancers had failed to respond to other therapies. Six different types of tumors were presented. This work, published by Ernesto Contreras, M.D., and Dr. Lane, showed major responses in seven of the eight patients: five were tumor-free, two had an 80 percent tumor reduction. There was only one death in eleven weeks. The only therapy was a special high potency shark cartilage material made from shark fin fibers. This product contained 91 percent protein, 8 percent water, and, at most, only 1 percent carbohydrate. The product was administered rectally at the rate of 30 gm/patient daily in two equal doses. Unfortunately, because of both a lack of funds and sufficient test material, no follow-up was undertaken to determine advanced survival as was later done in the Cuban study.

The first Mexican study led to a second study at a second clinic in Mexico, the Hoxsey Clinic, where, under the control of Roscoe Van Zandt, M.D., eight breast cancer patients were given shark cartilage orally at the rate of 60 gm/ patient/day. After eight weeks all of the tumors had significantly reduced in size. A special herbal tonic was administered along with the shark cartilage. No other therapies were undertaken. In three cases the tumors had become encapsulated and in two cases, where the tumors had been attached to the chest wall, they had become detached and free-floating. These results were not published in medical journals but were reported in Dr. Lane’s book.

Because shark fin is very expensive and scarce, Dr. Lane decided to use whole shark cartilage product in the Hoxsey study but at double the dosage level used in the earlier Contreras study. The active protein fibers in shark fin and shark cartilage were the same, but in the cartilage the protein fibers were diluted with a matrix of calcium/phosphorus/carbohydrate. By doubling the dose, they were able to produce approximately the same amount of the active protein. (There are four active proteins in the protein fibrous strands, all of which are active angiogenic inhibitors. These have been identified by the unpublished work of K.P. Wong, Ph.D., of Fresno State University, Fresno, CA. it is believed that these four proteins are the ones on which most, if not all, of the anticancer effect we are getting with shark cartilage is based. The earliest study in Mexico was done with a 91 percent protein product and the excellent response seems to support Dr. Lane’s position.)

Based on the human trials in Mexico, Dr. Lane was anxious to run a large clinical trial. However, his personal resources made a costly trial in the United States impossible. All the work on shark cartilage had been supported by more than $180,000 of his personal funds, a point that many critics ignore. Fortunately, he met a large group of Cubans who, after hearing of his work, invited him to meet with their health officials. He and two associates traveled to Cuba through Mexico. The meetings with the Cuban Health Ministry- and the Cuban military health officials eventually led to him being invited to do a study on nonresponsive terminal cancer patients. The Cubans agreed to provide 29 patients and a team of five oncologists, seven nurses, and the best possible follow-up. The Cuban study has, as a result of the extensive coverage and story by Mike Wallace and “60 Minutes,” become a legend.

Earlier, he had been contacted by CBS and “60 Minutes.” The station wanted to go ahead with the story, which the station had initially looked upon as a scam. For the visit on the sixth week of therapy, he was accompanied by David Williams, D.C., the editor of the health newsletter Alternatives, five people from “60 Minutes” (including the producer Gail Eisen, who was medically oriented and initially very negative about the story), and Charles Simone, M.D., a consultant who I had asked to help evaluate the results. It was clear that a number of the patients were already responding. Except for Dr. Simone, who joined at 16 weeks, this same group visited again at 11 weeks and again at 16 weeks. We were joined at this time by Mike Wallace, who stayed with them in Cuba for three days to review the results and to do filming.

At this time, the Cubans had added Fernandez Britto, M.D., a world-class pathologist, to the team. He showed, for the first time, autopsy pathologic slides that demonstrated the action of the shark cartilage in stimulating the rapid growth of fibrin tissue replacing and encapsulating the cancer cells. His slides, which now include “before” and “after” biopsy slides, add materially to the explanation of how and if shark cartilage works. “60 Minutes” later showed X-ray pictures along with blood work records to Eli Gladstein, M.D., of the University of Southwestern Texas for collaboration; Dr. Gladstein confirmed the findings and he did so without knowing that shark cartilage was the therapeutic agent. The “60 Minutes” team was so excited about these results that it broadcast the show within 10 days after their tape was finished; and they showed it twice, something that is rarely done. The team also promoted the story each time for four days prior to each broadcast.

Fortunately, this show had a budget that was large enough to truly study the effects, see the patients, and then report on the positive results they themselves observed. The National Institutes of Health (NIH), on the other hand, surprisingly, never took the time to hear the whole presentation, see the slides, talk to Dr. Lane, or talk to the interested doctors.

Of the original 29 terminal patients, nine (31 percent) died of cancer, all within the first 17 weeks; none have died of cancer since; six others have died of accidents, heart failure, or other natural causes; 14 (48 percent) are completely well and cancer-free after 34 months (almost three years) as of June 15, 1995. After the 60 gm/day of shark cartilage for 16 weeks, these patients went to the maintenance dose of 20 gm/day, which appears to have been keeping them well for almost three years. With stage IV cancer patients, this is very impressive, even incredible, even if one or two patients might have been at stage III rather than at stage IV at the outset.

All cancers had been biopsy-confirmed. The head Cuban oncologist, Dr. Menendez, told Dr. Lane recently, “In my history as an oncologist, I have never seen or experienced anything like this response with shark cartilage.”

The FDA approved the phase II IND #47373 for clinical trials on a new version of shark cartilage called Benefin on advanced nonresponsive prostate cancer, and for advanced nonresponding Kaposi’s sarcoma. These trials took place in one of the most prestigious research hospitals in the country. This hospital, however, has insisted on retaining anonymity because the topic of shark cartilage is so controversial.

As a result, there were additional approvals for trials to be run in China as follows: advanced nonresponding brain and liver cancer at the Second Military Hospital in Shanghai; breast cancer, primary and nonresponsive, at the Chinese/Japanese Hospital in Beijing.

In Santiago, Chile, one hospital approved trials for nonresponsive breast cancer and also on nonresponsive uterine/cervical cancer. And, at a children’s hospital, a trial took place on young children with nonresponsive brain tumors. These tumors cost that country more than 100 deaths annually. These trials, and the trials in China, showed results to tie in, and add to, the weight of the FDA’s IND trials in the United States. In addition, the Royal Free Hospital in London had tentatively asked to run a trial on 3-5 brain tumor patients.

All trials were based on the FDA protocol, including biopsy-proven cancer, full tumor scans, tumor markers, blood work, quality of life, and Karnofsky indexes, followed by full peer-review articles written related to this latest work.

Dr. Lane’s published his work where possible despite personal financial constraints, he continued to conduct studies that are typical of peer review; the work was done by centers in other countries that made major contribution to progress but they also did not have the funds or ability to do all that peer review required. Dr. Lane believes that this work is valid and should not be ruled out just because it was not subject to peer review. The Cuban results themselves are dramatic and were documented by “60 Minutes.” A one-on-one interview for four hours with Mike Wallace was extremely difficult and as intense as any other review–perhaps even more so. “60 Minutes” came to Cuba, saw and followed the results, the team was just not reporting on hearsay.

Animal work is now under way in rats at North Texas University. James Lott, Ph.D., is using a technique that can help to identify mode as well as degree of activity. Already, work is forthcoming that shows how the tumor disintegrates and the edema-caused tumor enlargement and microscopic examination shows the tumor breaking up. All of this work is based solely on shark cartilage therapy.

A good measurement of activity, the endothelial cell assay, has been developed by Dr. Wong, something that has contributed materially to authenticating the value of BeneFin.

Folkman has reported that a naturally formed product, angiostatin, may be formed by large tumors to inhibit angiogenesis in metastatic tumors. When a large tumor is removed, the source of angiostatin is removed and the metastases grow rapidly. It seems likely that, when angiostatin and the four shark cartilage active proteins are compared, they will show a lot of similarity.

Shark cartilage therapy has received criticism that the shark cartilage will be digested before it is absorbed. The criticism is that the active proteins, rather than being effective proteins, will be amino acids or may be too large to be absorbed. In terms of protein molecule, however, Robert Gallo, M.D., of the NIH claims unequivocally that a cancer patient can absorb protein molecules of up to 45,000 Daltons from the gastrointestinal tract. However, it must be noted that the active proteins in shark cartilage have been described as being in the 15,000 Dalton range. As far as digestion is concerned, the thousands of people worldwide who have been helped by shark cartilage taken orally or rectally suggest that enough of the substance is getting through to do the job. Whether that is 100 percent or 20 percent becomes unimportant if the substance works.

Dr. Lane’s position from the outset has been–and continues to be–”Does it work?” rather than “How does it work?” The latter is important, of course, but the research to date confirms that it works in a nontoxic noninvasive way. Dr. Lane hopes that the NIH and other organizations will collaborate to study how shark cartilage works. Dr. Lane’s own premise is that its effect is based on the angiogenic inhibition according to the Folkman theory or possibly an angiogenic modulation as shown by the Cuban pathologic slides.

Summary Shark Cartilage

The possibility of culturing shark cartilage cells to avoid reliance on sharks themselves is being developed with Dr. Wong. Meanwhile, millions of sharks, formerly caught only for their valuable fins, are now also being used for their cartilage. No shark is being killed expressly for its cartilage. The plant in Brisbane, Australia, is currently importing 2-4 40-foot frozen containers of semicleaned shark cartilage monthly.

The work on shark cartilage has already been partially reported at two peer medical conferences.

Dr. Lane’s is proud and willing to put his own money on the table to develop the shark cartilage therapy, and will defend the results as will others who have seen the responses. Peer review is a cornerstone of our system but other results, if well documented and supported, should not just be discarded and ridiculed. The poor results with conventional cancer therapy should suggest that any new therapy that seems promising should be investigated, especially if it is inexpensive, nontoxic, and noninvasive. In these times of uncontrolled health costs, and the cancer epidemic that does not seem to be abating, all possibilities deserve attention. *I. William Lane, Ph.D., is Founder and chairman of Cartilage Consultants, Short Hills, New Jersey.

He is also a coauthor of Sharks Don’t Get Cancer , a summary of his research with shark cartilage as a treatment for cancer, for which he received a U. S. patent in 1991. Dr. Lane holds a Ph.. D. from Rutgers University (Agricultural Biochemistry and Nutrition), an M.S. from Cornell University.

(Nutritional Science) and a B.S. from Cornell University. Dr Lane was also fortunate to study under two Nobel Prize winners. Dr. J. Summer of Cornell who won the Nobel for crystallizing the first enzyme (urease) and Dr. S. Waksman of Rutgers for streptomycin.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E, known as tocopherol, an alcohol, is expressed in International Units (IU). It is a fat-soluble vitamin, although the exact biochemical mechanisms in the body are unclear, it is an essential element of human nutrition. Many of the actions are related to the antioxidant properties, it protects cellular constituents from oxidation and prevents the formation of toxic oxidation products, preserves red blood cell wall integrity and against hemolysis, and is involved as a cofactor in enzyme systems. It enhances vitamin A utilization and suppression of platelet aggregation. (53)

It is stable by heat, destroyed by UV light and oxidating agents. It’s activity is due to anti-oxidant properties. It prevents oxidation of vitamin A and unsaturated fatty acids. There is evidence that it functions as a cofactor in oxidative phosphoralation reactions, and believed to protect lung tissues from damage by oxidants in polluted air. It improves anemic conditions. Deficiency causes sterility, muscular dystrophy in rats but not humans. (54)

Vitamin E deficiency is rare because it is available in most sources of the normal diet, sources including vegetable oils, shortening, leafy vegetables, milk, eggs, and meats. Absorption depends on the ability to digest and absorb fat, bile is essential. There is no single storage organ, however, liver, muscle and adipose tissue account for most of the body’s tocopherol. Low levels have been noted in protein-calorie malnourished infants, malabsorption syndromes, celiac disease, and similar. Low levels cause the erythrocytes to become more susceptible to destruction by oxidants., also resulting in hemolysis, and spino-cerebellar syndromes. (55)

Daily requirements are relative to the dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, requirements may increase in patients taking large dosages of iron. However, diets with selenium, other antioxidants and sulfur-amino acids may decrease the daily requirement. (56)

Although there is no firm data to support the following observations, there have been positive results while using vitamin E with cancer, skin conditions, nocturnal leg cramps, heart disease, aging, premenstrual syndrome, sexual dysfunction, and to increase athletic performance.

Vitamin E retards normal blood clotting. EPA, found in cod and halibut fish liver oils and Flaxseed oil.

Succinate form enters cells more readily. Also has capability to reduce damage by ozone and other substances found in smog.

Vitamin E has a mutual relationship with selenium in reinforcing the body’s anti-cancer defenses with key effects on DNA metabolism, cell membrane integrity and optimal functioning of the liver and pancreas. It interferes with initiation and promotion phases of cancer development, protects tissues against free radical damage, and is dependent on selenium for these effects.(57)

Vitamin E is known to be one of the body’s primary agents for protecting cell membranes and major nutrients require for strong immune responses to cancer and infection. (58) In animal studies, it has been shown that the inclusion of vitamin E has resulted in the reversal of development in chemically induced tumors. (59) and has shown to prevent cancer development, suggesting a role of warding off recurrences of cancer. (60)

The function of vitamin E relative to cancer treatment includes protection of cell membranes while increasing effectiveness and specific toxicity in chemotherapy (61), and helps reduce toxic effects of radiation. (62) It has been discovered that a lack of vitamin E increases toxic effects of Adriamycin, a common Chemotherapy agent, on heart tissue, therefore, it is an interest to determine the extent of the effects upon other parts of the body. (63)

Many physicians, especially in Germany, have begun to recommend the succinate form because it enters the cells more readily. (64)

Zinc

In human nutrition, Zinc is among the most important of the trace elements. Zinc plays an important role and is vital in the immune system, expression of genes and the transfer of signals in the nervous system. Research continues to determine the critical nature of zinc interaction with T cells in the development of defense against potential pathogens and how nutrients affect immune response, indicating that zinc is essential for human immune function.

Investigations of human nutritional status have shown that zinc is not as freely available as the ubiquitous distribution of this trace element might suggest. A number of clinical studies have revealed that the effects of even a moderate degree of zinc deficiency may be profound. Zinc was initially found to be an essential element for the growth of plants and animals more than 100 years ago when scientists were seeking to discover the basic requirements for growth, and deliberately reduced or eliminated zinc from the food of plants, microbes, and animals. In all cases growth was radically reduced, and in some experiments the effects were lethal. Although these studies attracted much attention for their basic significance, it was assumed that implications for human health were minimal, since zinc was thought to be widely available in nature. However, in the 1960′s, this view suddenly changed, when human zinc deficiency was reported for the first time and a new field opened up.

There was a synchronicity and a convergence among discoveries that revealed and emerged a new science called “immunology” at the same time that evolving studies in the ancient science of nutrition were illuminating the essential relationship between poor nutrition and susceptibility to infection. A central figure in these studies was Dr. Ananda Prasad, a hematologist working in Iran, who found that low zinc levels in blood were casually related to a rare condition of dwarfism, testicular retardation, and susceptibility to infections in a group of patients who, although not genetically related, were alike in having a diet that produced zinc deficiency (65). This diet, consisting only of bread and clay, was both low in zinc and contained phytic acid, which was subsequently discovered to form complexes with zinc which could interfere with absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. We now know that the absorption of zinc takes place primarily in the small intestine and that both ingested dietary components and those produced during digestion may either facilitate or impair zinc uptake.

Zinc affectively regulates the immune function in numerous ways. It is a structural component of thymic hormone and is a lymphocyte mitogen, which causes expansion of the immune cells, the affected lymphoid organs include bone marrow, spleen, mature and precursor T cells, and Thymus.

The possibility that major disease might be solely caused by a block in zinc absorption was subsequently confirmed by the discovery of a genetically transmitted lethal mutation in Holstein-Fresian cattle. Curiously, a major immune organ, the thymus gland, was found to be shrunken in these cattle, suggesting a possible explanation of why the cattle died from infections.

Very soon after, a new human genetic condition called human Acrodermatitis enteropathica was described. Infants born with this condition developed skin lesions, serious diarrhea, hair loss, and became very sick. Faulty zinc absorption rapidly lead to immune deficiency and to the development of life threatening infections (66). Amazingly, all of these symptoms could be resolved by giving intravenous zinc to replete zinc stores (67). Again, the chief physical organ affected in these babies was the thymus.

The zinc deficiency affects the immune system, including abnormal development of immune organs, T cells do not function normally, which affects bone marrow when T cells are weak.

The thymus was known as a “barometer of nutrition” because children dying from infections associated with protein calorie malnutrition were found to have little thymic tissue. The thymus gland was already known to be very important in the development of the immune system. After birth, all of the cells of the immune system appear first in the bone marrow.

Those that will have the capacity to recognize “self” from “non self” and therefore can recognize potentially infectious microbes, must ultimately develop, or as it is sometimes termed, be “educated”, in the thymus. These cells called “precursor” cells of the immune system arise in the bone marrow and, after circulating through the thymus, emerge as active “Thymus- cells”, or “T” cells as they are called. Since zinc is essential for the growth and development of all cells, it was not surprising that the babies with low zinc had poor thymic development. This led to reduced and weak T cells which were not able to recognize and fight off certain infections. The implications of this thymic atrophy induced by zinc deficiency was studied further by Dr. Robert A Good and his colleagues. When they and others found that either zinc administration or T cell infusions could prevent infections and reverse lethality in zinc deficient mice (68,69), the importance of the immune system as a critical target of zinc deficiency was proven.

There are recent indications linking zinc with immune function as well as other links to nutrition and immunology being strongly related (70) There is increasing evidence that nutrients are co-factors in development and maintenance of immune response (71) and that nutrients directly affect both immediate and long term defense against infections and even susceptibility to certain tumors. The course of infections as diverse as measles and HIV may be directly affected by nutrient deficiency.

In all of these studies, including those involving the entire range of essential micronutrients, both vitamins and minerals, zinc continues to show the most specific and in many ways the strongest effect on the function of the immune system of any micronutrient. Zinc has a unique role in thymus dependent “T” cell mediated immune response. In addition to combining with thymic hormone to form the biologically active thymic hormone molecule (72), even a mild reduction of circulating zinc levels is associated with reduced T cell production of certain critical proteins called cytokines which regulate immune response and act as growth factors for the immune system.

After, zinc is included in human nutrient solutions and infant formulas. The benefit of normal levels of zinc on immune response is clear and the use of supplements to achieve this is well established. However, while the value of a balanced diet cannot be overestimated in providing a true basis for health, zinc supplements lengthy research can be helpful in maintaining normal zinc levels.

In summary, the critical nature of zinc interaction with T cells in the development of defense against potential pathogens continues to be researched on its relationship of other nutrients and the overall affect with immune response. These studies show that zinc is essential for normal human immune function.

Summary

Upon review of the mechanisms, it appears that Vitamin A removes the antigen shield which causes exposure and ability to be recognized and destroyed by the immune system. It also reduces clotting. It works with vitamin D tandem affects and they both utilize light in their function, and intern facilitate cholesterol with calcium involvement. Vitamin E is involved with vitamin A stability and anti-clotting mechanisms and DNA metabolism. The combination helps in endocrine function, and pancreatic enzymes aid in their own function as well, so it is essentially a symbiotic effect. There are many inter-linking factors that reflect the inter-relationship of calcium and vitamins A, D, & E.

There are relationships with others; however, this report is focusing on these four, as they are closely efficient in the inhibition of cancer. In hypothesis, the chain of events cause the pH to maintain a more normal stabilization, parathyroid function improves, as a result, calcium metabolism improves. All these improved chain of events cause a strengthened immune system and a better resistance to cancer. There have been concerns of toxic effects of vitamins, meanwhile, during studies, there have been no fatalities, although I believe that there must have been some not published. Our lifestyle, emotions, and genetic vulnerability play major roles in our health, we need to learn to control the factors we are able to control and set up a maintenance or treatment program for our body in order to give it the materials it requires to function at it’s potential.

The items I discussed here are major components in understanding cancer, it’s personality and mechanics. From here, we can only fine tune the information and introduce other influences to see how they effect or are affected by the components that we do understand. In the future, we would like to further investigate, magnesium, selenium, vitamin C, zinc, bicarbonates and the relationship with the kidney. Another concern is the relationship with the autonomic nervous system, liver and pancreas, as they are interlinked with the biofeedback utilizing ANS and hormonal communication in the physical biochemical capacity. We hope this provides a better understanding of cancer initiation, which then brings us closer to it’s demise.

 

Selenium

Click Here to Read Articles on Selenium and it’s anti-cancer properties…

Colstrum

Contains: *Antibodies & Immunoglobulins that neutralize toxins/fight viruses and bacteria

*Lactoferrin – antiviral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory. Effective against cancer, HIV, herpes, chronic fatigue syndrome, Candida albicans and other infections

*Proline-rich polypeptide that help the body produce T-Cells, stimulates weak immune systems and balance over active immune systems.

*Leukocytes white blood cells that slow viral reproduction and inhibits viruses from penetrating cellular walls

*Xanthine Oxidase – oxidises bacteria through their ability to release hydrogen peroxide *Lysozome – hydrolyzing agent and immune system booster capable of destroying bacteria and viruses on contact

*Lacto-oligosaccharides – promote growth of good bacteria in the intestine function, and immune function

**Glycoproteins/Tyrpsin Inhibitors – Good protective maintenance of ulcers

*Oligo Polysaccharides and glycoconjugates – bind to pathogens and toxins and prevent them from entering intestinal membranes

**Plus dozens of other Immune Factors, Growth Factors, is Anti-Aging, etc

BIOGRAPHY

Endnotes

1 Cancer Research 41(1981), 3395.

2 Whitfield, J.F. Calcium, Coil Cycles, and Cancer (New York: CRC Press, 1990).

3 Diamond, MD., W. John and W. Lee Cowden, MD. with Burton Goldberg, page 366

4 Arthur C Guyton, MD “Medical Physiology” (W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, Toronto, 1976) p. 443

5 Arthur C. Guyton, MD. “Medical Physiology” (WB. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, Toronto 1976), 445.

6 Arthur C. Guyton, MD. “Medical Physiology” (W.8. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, Toronto, 1976), 446.

7 Facts and Comparisons, Inc. “Facts and Comparison? (St. Louis: J.B. Lippincott, 1992), 3m

8 Pacts and Comparisons, Inc. “Facts and Comparisons” (St. Louis: J.B. Lippincott, 1992), 3a

9 The Burton Goldberg Group, Alternative Medicine: The Definitive Guide (Tiburon, CA: Future Medicine Publishing, 1995), 7.

11 Machin, L.J., and A. Bendich, “Free Radical Tissue Dammage: Protective Role of Antioxident Nu FASEB Journal 1:6 (1987), 441-445. 1

2 Meyskens, FL, and A. Manetta. “Prevention of Cervical lntraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62:Suppl (1995), 1417s-1419s.

13 Nydegger, U.E., and J.S. Davis. “Soluble Immune Complexes in Human Disease.” Critical Review in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 12(1980), 123.

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